SOCIO-CYBERNETICS AND THE NEW ALIENATIONS

SOCIO-CYBERNETICS AND THE NEW ALIENATIONS: "In second-order cybernetics, the system - whether an individual or a group - is defined as having the ability to reflect on its own operations on the environment, and even on itself. These operations generate variety in the environment, or in itself, which can reflexively be recognized as being due to systemic variation, which makes them recursive: observations can be observed, communications can be communicated, etc."